SPEAKING: Who Lives Longer
life span /ˈlaɪf.spæn/
noun
definition: the length of time for which a person, animal, or thing exists
example: The average life span is about seventy years.
dwindle /ˈdwɪn.dəl/
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verb
definition: to become less in number or smaller
example: The community had dwindled to a tenth of its former size.
proportion /prəˈpɔːr.ʃən/
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noun
definition: the number or amount of a group or part of something when compared to the whole
example: There is an increasing proportion of men who are willing to share household responsibilities.
social welfare /ˈsoʊ.ʃəl ˈwel.fer/
noun
definition: services provided by the government or private organizations to help poor, ill, or old people
example: A family in need can apply for assistance from a social welfare program.
burden /ˈbɜːr.dən/
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noun
definition: something difficult or unpleasant that you have to deal with or worry about
example: Buying a house usually places a large financial burden on young couples.
campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/
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noun
definition: a planned group of political, business, or military activities that are intended to achieve a particular aim
example: Politicians are everywhere during election campaigns.
longevity /lɑːnˈdʒev.ə.t̬i/
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noun
definition: living for a long time; long life
example: My grandfather had incredible longevity because he lived to be 105 years old.
reverse /rɪˈvɜːrs/
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verb
definition: to change something to an opposite state or condition; to change the order or position of things or series
example: The group is reversing the trend toward developing urban houses.
segment /ˈseɡ.mənt/
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noun
definition: any of the parts into which a thing is divided or naturally separated
example: The news program contained a brief segment on white-collar crime.
speculate /ˈspek.jə.leɪt/
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verb
definition: to come up, think or wonder with ideas or theories about something
example: Officials refused to speculate on the cause of the crash.
drastic /ˈdræs.tɪk/
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adjective
definition: extreme or severe in effect or action
example: There’s a drastic change in temperature from day to night in the desert.
fulfill /fʊlˈfɪl/
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verb
definition: to do something as promised or intended, or to satisfy your hopes or expectations
example: She finally fulfilled her ambition to study in another country.
READING: Learning Through Failure
tedious /ˈtiː.di.əs/
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adjective
definition: boring; too slow or long
example: Learning a new computer program can be a tedious process.
undergraduate /ˌʌn.dɚˈɡrædʒ.u.ət/
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noun
definition: a student at a college or university who has not yet earned a degree
example: I studied economics in undergraduate school.
colleague /ˈkɑː.liːɡ/
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noun
definition: a person who works with you; a fellow worker; a co-worker
example: He always hangs out with his colleague in the university.
washout /ˈwɑːʃ.aʊt/
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noun
definition: a complete failure
example: The dance was a washout – only three people showed up.
console /kənˈsoʊl/
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verb
definition: to try to make someone feel less sadness or disappointment
example: The boys consoled each other after their team’s first defeat.
clear-out /klɪr.aʊt/
noun
definition: the act or process of removing all unwanted materials from a place
example: We gave the house the first thorough clear-out it has had for years.
mysteriously /mɪˈstɪr.i.əs.li/
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adverb
definition: in a manner that is strange or cannot be explained
example: The light mysteriously turned on although no one was near the switch.
LISTENING: Genetically Modified Food Part 1
bacteria /bækˈtɪr.i.ə/
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noun
definition: very small organisms that are found everywhere and are the cause of many diseases
example: Food must be heated to a high temperature to kill harmful bacteria.
genetically modified /dʒəˌnet.ɪ.kəl.i ˈmɑː.dɪ.faɪd/
adjective
definition: having some genes changed scientifically
example: Fruits and vegetables are genetically modified to improve their quality.
crop /krɑːp/
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noun
definition: a plant or plant product grown in large amounts by farmers
example: The main crops grown for export are coffee and rice.
modify /ˈmɑː.dɪ.faɪ/
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verb
definition: to change some parts of something while not changing other parts
example: The school board decided to modify its existing employment policy.
normal /ˈnɔːr.məl/
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adjective
definition: usual or ordinary; the same as would be expected
example: It’s normal for couples to argue now and then.
pesticide /ˈpes.tə.saɪd/
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noun
definition: a chemical that is used to kill animals or insects that damage plants or crops
example: Organic food does not contain any pesticide.
pick /pɪk/
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verb
definition: to remove or get a fruit or flower from a plant or tree
example: I picked some roses this morning.
primarily /praɪˈmer.ə.li/, /ˈpraɪ.mer.ə.li/
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adverb
definition: mainly
example: We live in a society which views success primarily in terms of material possessions.
purchase /ˈpɜːr.tʃəs/
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verb
definition: to buy something
example: Tickets for the concert must be purchased two weeks in advance.
retain /rɪˈteɪn/
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verb
definition: to keep or continue to have something
example: She managed to retain her dignity throughout the performance.
source /sɔːrs/
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noun
definition: the place something comes from or starts at, or the cause of something
example: Spinach is a good source of vitamins.
vitamin /ˈvaɪ.tə.mɪn/
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noun
definition: any of a group of natural substances that are necessary in small amounts for the growth and good health of the body
example: Which vitamins should you take for skin problems?
WRITING: Comparison Essay and Outlining Practice
hemisphere /ˈhem.ə.sfɪr/
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noun
definition: one of two halves of the earth, especially above or below the equator
example: Canada and the U.S.A are part of the earth's northern hemisphere.
extensively /ɪkˈsten.sɪv.li/
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adverb
definition: in a wide, broad, comprehensive, thorough, or lengthy way
example: He practiced his medical profession extensively in Europe before going to the United States.
climate /ˈklaɪ.mət/
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noun
definition: the general weather conditions usually in a particular place or region over a period of time
example: I experienced different climates when I was traveling around the world.
diversity /daɪˈvɜːr.sə.t̬i/, /dəˈvɜːr.sə.t̬i/
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noun
definition: the mixture of races and religions that make up a group of people; the condition or fact of being different or varied; variety
example: As a teacher, Maria has to deal with a large amount of diversity in her classroom.
solely /ˈsoʊl.li/
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adverb
definition: not involving anyone or anything else; only
example: He is solely responsible for any debts the company may incur.
culture /ˈkʌl.tʃɚ/
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noun
definition: the way of life of a particular people as shown in their behavior, habits, attitude towards each other, and their moral and religious beliefs
example: He studied the culture of the Indians.
government /ˈɡʌv.ɚn.mənt/, /ˈɡʌv.ər.mənt/
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noun
definition: the group of people who control and make decisions for a country or state
example: The government should invest more money in agriculture.
border /ˈbɔːr.dɚ/
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noun
definition: a line separating one country or state from another
example: The Rio Grande forms part of the US border.
Fahrenheit /ˈfær.ən.haɪt/
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noun
definition: a scale for measuring temperature in which water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°
example: The Fahrenheit scale is still used throughout the US.
ethnic /ˈeθ.nɪk/
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adjective
definition: relating to or characteristic of a large group of people who have the same national, racial, or cultural origins, and who usually speak the same language
example: She loves ethnic foods, especially Ethiopian and Japanese.
colonist /ˈkɑː.lə.nɪst/
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noun
definition: a person who helps create a colony
example: He arrived in Maryland with the first American colonists in 1634.
individualism /ˌɪn.dɪˈvɪdʒ.u.ə.lɪ.zəm/
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noun
definition: the belief that the needs of each person are more important than the needs of the whole society or group
example: Many Americans strongly believe in individualism.
custom /ˈkʌs.təm/
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noun
definition: a way of behaving or a belief that has been established for a long time among a group of people
example: She’s studying the language and customs of the Vietnamese.
concept /ˈkɑːn.sept/
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noun
definition: an idea of what something is or how it works
example: He introduced the concept of selling books via the Internet.
Trang từ vựng tổng
Ngày từ vựng tiếp theo - level 4 day 17